The evidence that led scientists to the consensus about the Earth's ice ages includes geological and climatological data. Geological evidence includes the presence of glacial deposits, glacial landforms, and changes in sea levels. Climatological evidence includes changes in the Earth's orbit and tilt, which affect the amount of sunlight reaching the Earth's surface, and changes in the composition of the atmosphere, particularly the levels of greenhouse gases. These pieces of evidence have led scientists to conclude that the Earth has experienced a number of ice ages in which large parts of the planet were covered in ice sheets.
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